Arduino LED Helpers
Simply create an LED object from the helper functions to handle fading, pulsing or manual call of the LED without interfering with the main loop routines.
// ----------------------------------
// -------- MAIN LOOP --------
// ----------------------------------
// setup the LED object aLED namewhatever(pin);
aLED led1(11);
void setup() {
}
void loop() {
led1.operateLED(); //operate specific LED
handleSerial(); //only for testing purpose!!!
delay(20);
}
// very basic function to handle serial command from pc console
void handleSerial() {
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
char incomingCharacter = Serial.read();
switch (incomingCharacter) {
// set led to manual mode
case 'm':
led1.setMode(0);
led1.brightness = int(random(0,255) );
break;
// set led to pulse mode
case 'p':
led1.setMode(1);
led1.pulse_speed = ( random(0,1) *.4) + .01; // set the pulse speed
led1.pulse_amplitude = int(random(10,255)); // set the pulse amplitude
break;
// set led to fade mode
case 'f':
led1.fade_target = int(random(0,255)); // set a random fading target 0-255
led1.fade_speed = int(random(4,20)); // set a random fading speed > 1
led1.setMode(2);
break;
}
}
}
This helper code needs to be PRIOR to your mainloop – or 🙁
// ----------------------------------
// -------- BASIC LED HELPER --------
// ----------------------------------
// basic lerp function
float return_lerp(float _s, int _target,int _time){
_s = _s + (( float(_target) - _s)/float(_time));
return _s;
}
// --------------
// LED Object
// -------------
class aLED {
private:
byte pin;
long ts = 0;
int led_mode = 0; //0 manual / 1:sinpulse / 2:fading
public:
int brightness = 0; // current brightness
float fade_target = 0; // where to fade?
int fade_speed = 4;
float pulse_speed = .004; // speed of pulse when in pulsemode
int pulse_amplitude = 125;
aLED(byte pin) {
this->pin = pin;
init();
}
void init(){
pinMode(pin,OUTPUT);
}
void operateLED(){
if(led_mode==0){
// if in manual mode
}else if(led_mode==1){
// ----------- PULSE MODE
brightness = int((sin(millis()*pulse_speed)+1)*pulse_amplitude*.5);
}else if(led_mode==2){
// ----------- FADING MODE
brightness = int(return_lerp(brightness,fade_target,fade_speed));
}
analogWrite(pin,brightness);
}
void setMode(int _mode){
led_mode = _mode;
}
};
ESP32 LED Helpers
The ESP32 has a slightly different architecture than Arduino – so the PWM is managed differently. The following code works for ESP32 with the same features as Arduino.
// ----------------------------------
// -------- MAIN LOOP --------
// ----------------------------------
// setup the LED object aLED namewhatever(pin);
aLED led1(12);
aLED led2(14);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
led1.operateLED(); //operate specific LED
led2.operateLED(); //operate specific LED
handleSerial(); //only for testing purpose!!!
delay(20);
}
// very basic function to handle serial command from pc console
void handleSerial() {
while (Serial.available() > 0) {
char incomingCharacter = Serial.read();
switch (incomingCharacter) {
// set led to manual mode
case 'm':
led1.setMode(0);
led1.brightness = int(random(0,255) );
break;
// set led to pulse mode
case 'p':
led1.setMode(1);
led1.pulse_speed = ( random(0,10) *.4) + .01; // set the pulse speed
led1.pulse_amplitude = int(random(10,255)); // set the pulse amplitude
led2.setMode(1);
led2.pulse_speed = ( random(0,10) *.4) + .01; // set the pulse speed
break;
// set led to fade mode
case 'f':
led1.fade_target = int(random(0,255)); // set a random fading target 0-255
led1.fade_speed = int(random(4,20)); // set a random fading speed > 1
led1.setMode(2);
break;
}
}
}
// ----------------------------------
// -------- BASIC LED HELPER --------
// ----------------------------------
// basic lerp function
float return_lerp(float _s, int _target,int _time){
_s = _s + (( float(_target) - _s)/float(_time));
return _s;
}
// ONLY FOR ESP32 needed!
// setting PWM properties
const int freq = 5000;
const int resolution = 8;
// NOTE : ESP32 can only manage 16 diferent PWM channels
// https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/esp32-pwm-tutorial-controlling-brightness-of-led
// --------------
// LED Object
// -------------
class aLED {
private:
byte pin;
long ts = 0;
int led_mode = 0; //0 manual / 1:sinpulse / 2:fading
int myledChannel = int(random(15));
public:
int brightness = 0; // current brightness
float fade_target = 0; // where to fade?
int fade_speed = 4;
float pulse_speed = .04; // speed of pulse when in pulsemode
int pulse_amplitude = 222;
aLED(byte pin) {
this->pin = pin;
init();
}
void init(){
// pinMode(pin,OUTPUT);
// configure LED PWM functionalitites
ledcSetup(myledChannel, freq, resolution);
ledcAttachPin(pin, myledChannel);
// attach the channel to the GPIO to be controlled
}
void operateLED(){
if(led_mode==0){
// if in manual mode
}else if(led_mode==1){
// ----------- PULSE MODE
brightness = int((sin(millis()*pulse_speed)+1)*pulse_amplitude*.5);
}else if(led_mode==2){
// ----------- FADING MODE
brightness = int(return_lerp(brightness,fade_target,fade_speed));
}
//digitalWrite(pin,brightness);
ledcWrite(myledChannel, brightness);
//analogWrite(pin,brightness); >>> WORKS for ARDUINO!!!!
}
void setMode(int _mode){
led_mode = _mode;
}
};